Upon re-exposure to RBC alloantigens, patients may develop acute or delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions (AHTR or DHTR), depending on the presence or absence of detectable alloantibodies at the time of transfusion. Unmasking delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions in patients with sickle-cell disease: Challenges and opportunities for improvement Keywords: blood management; RBC transfusion; transfusion service operations EN blood management RBC transfusion transfusion service operations 1662 1670 9 08/09/22 20220801 NES 220801 Approximately 15 million units of blood products are transfused in the United States annually, with fewer than 50 cases of transfusion-associated fatalities reported each year. 1 Although the overall reported rate of adverse transfusion events is relatively low, the actual rate is likely to be considerably higher, particularly for delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions (DHTRs), which may be frequently missed by the current hemovigilance procedures and definitions. As the vast majority of adverse transfusion events occur during or immediately after transfusion, current hemovigilance practices emphasize monitoring patient signs and symptoms peri-transfusion, but have no formalized system in place for remote monitoring in the days to weeks after transfusion.[Extracted from the article]

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