Interferon-(IFN-) is a pleiotropic cytokine with diverse physiological functions. It is a potent immune modulator and a major activator of macrophages and other immune cells. It induces expression of the major histocompatibility complex in both normal and malignant cells and provokes an inflammatory infiltrate. In addition, IFN-can inhibit the growth of cells, in some cases inducing apoptosis, and is a potent anti-viral factor. Recognition of the direct anti-proliferative properties of IFN-and its ability to stimulate the immune system has led to investigation of its therapeutic activity in a number of malignant conditions.

Ovarian cancer is an ideal target for cytokine manipulation. The association of ovarian cancer with a deficiency in cellmediated immunity within the peritoneum [1, 2] highlights the potential for local immune stimulation. The tendency for the disease to remain localized within the peritoneum, even in advanced stages, allows for the local administration of active agents.